Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common condition that causes numbness, tingling, and weakness in the hand and arm. It is caused by compression of the median nerve as it passes through the carpal tunnel in the wrist. Risk factors for carpal tunnel syndrome include repetitive hand movements, wrist injuries, arthritis, and diabetes. Treatment options typically include rest, immobilization, physical therapy, and in some cases, surgery. Research in this area focuses on understanding the underlying causes of carpal tunnel syndrome, developing more effective treatment options, and preventing the condition from occurring in the first place.